Gandhi essays

Gandhi essays Global Culture and Issues Arts for Peace and Justice Even the most powerful cannot rule without the cooperation of the rule. M. Gandhi This statement is telling all of India that only through submission will they continue to be under Great Britains rule. The statement itself seems so simple, but if you consider the consequences you then realize how powerful the statement really is. Gandhi is telling all of India that they are responsible for allowing Britain to continue as rulers. Every time they adhere to Britains law they are accepting Britains rule. What makes the statement even more powerful is the understanding that Gandhi wanted the people to peacefully refuse to cooperate. To refuse to comply with Britains law without retaliation of any kind. This is why the statement is so powerful, and I agree with it. Can you imagine going to war with someone without any type of weapons or ammunition? This is exactly what Gandhi wanted, no expected, the people of India to do. He knew that India could never hope to win back their country by using violence. Britain was too powerful and had too many soldiers that were trained for war. Gandhi also did not believe in violence for any reason. His main goal was to win back their country through peaceful means, even if he had to die to achieve the victory. When you think about Gandhis achievement of convincing a whole country to fight by not submitting to laws set forth by Britain through peaceful means, is just astounding. It is impossible to rule anything or anyone without them allowing you to do it. Gandhi was trying to make all of India understand that without their cooperation, there were no rulers. His biggest challenge was to get the people to agree to do this without any use of violence. It was extremely hard for the people to comprehend that they were to accept whatever punishment the British would d ...

Learn About the Difference Between Corporate Ownership and Management

Learn About the Difference Between Corporate Ownership and Management Today, many large corporations have a great number of owners. In fact, a  major company may be owned by a million or more people. These owners are generally called shareholders. In the case of a public company with a great number of these shareholders, a majority may  hold fewer than 100 shares of stock each. This widespread ownership has given many Americans a direct stake in some of the nations biggest companies. By the mid-1990s, more than 40% of U.S. families owned common stock, either directly or through mutual funds or other intermediaries. This scenario is a far cry from the corporate structure of but one hundred years ago  and marks a great shift in the concepts of corporation ownership versus management. Corporation Ownership Versus Corporation Management The widely dispersed ownership of Americas largest corporations has to lead to a separation of the concepts of corporate ownership and control. Because shareholders generally cannot know and manage the full details of a corporations business (nor do many wish to), they elect a board of directors to make broad corporate policy. Typically, even members of a corporations board of directors and managers own less than 5% of the common stock, though some may own far more than that. Individuals, banks, or retirement funds often own blocks of stock, but even these holdings generally account for only a small fraction of the total of the companys stock. Usually, only a minority of board members are operating officers of the corporation. Some directors are nominated by the company to give prestige to the board, others to provide certain skills or to represent lending institutions. For these very reasons, it is not unusual for one person to serve on several different corporate boards at the same time. Corporate Board of Directors and Corporate Executives While corporate boards are elected to direct corporate policy, those boards typically delegate day-to-day management decisions to a chief executive officer (CEO), who may also operate as the boards chairman or president. The CEO supervises other corporate executives, including a number of vice presidents who oversee various corporate functions and divisions. The CEO will also oversee other executives like the chief financial officer (CFO), the chief operating officer (COO), and the chief information officer (CIO). The position of CIO is by far the newest executive title to American corporate structure. It was first introduced in the late 1990s as high technology became a crucial part of U.S. business affairs. The Power of the Shareholders As long as a CEO has the confidence of the board of directors, he or she is generally permitted a great deal of freedom in running and management of the corporation. But sometimes, individual and institutional stockholders, acting in concert and with the backing of dissident candidates for the board, can exert enough power to force a change in management. Other than these more extraordinary circumstances, shareholders participation in the company whose stock they hold is limited to annual shareholder meetings. Even so, generally only a few people attend annual shareholder meetings. Most shareholders vote on the election of directors and important policy proposals by proxy, that is, by mailing in election forms. In recent years, however, some annual meetings have seen more shareholders- perhaps several hundred- in attendance. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires corporations to give groups challenging management access to mailing lists of stockholders to present their views.