Act 3 scene 2 of A Midsummer Nights Dream - 1212 Words

Act 3 scene 2 of A Midsummer Nights Dream A Midsummer Nights Dream is a comedy written by Shakespeare in the Elizabethan times, still performed in the present day. At Act 3 scene 2 we are probably at the height of confusion in the play. Each of the four lovers loves someone who does not love them. Demetrius loves Hermia, Hermia loves Lysander, Lysander loves Helena and Helena loves Demetrius. All this chaos is down to Puck, a mischievous fairy whose job is to stir up trouble to amuse the fairy King. Not only has he been distorting the lives of humans, but also the fairy Queen. She is momentarily in love with a mortal with an ass head (also as a consequence of Pucks actions). The†¦show more content†¦It furthermore makes the audience aware of exactly how much domination the fairies have over the humans. When Demetrius awakes he is in love with Helena, as is Lysander. This makes the situation again more confusing. As soon as he arises he remarks to Helena O Helen, goddess, nymph, perfect, divine!. This is exceedingly overwhelming and possible a little too much from Demetrius. This line also links back to Oberons spell, where he says that Demetrius should see his lover as a goddess. He says her lips are like kissing cherries giving an image or very deep red that would have been seen as very beautiful in the time when Shakespeare wrote this play. As would her skin, described as pure congealed white, a sign of great elegance and loveliness. We do not hear of Lysanders compliments, only of his defense against them. He says in their nativity appears all truth yet this does not sway Helena from thinking that this is a prank simply to mock her. She says to both men, not only are they not content with being rivals to loving Hermia, but now they are both rivals, to mock Helena. Helena sees herself as a poor maid who is being taken advantage ofShow MoreRelatedComparing Differnet Acts of Shakespearian Plays: Romeo and Juliet and Midsummer Night ´s Dream564 Words   |  3 Pagesand Juliet and Midsummer Night’s Dream they both were written by William Shakespeare and they both have lovers. Even though they have these similarities the things that will be focused on comparing are Acts 1-3 in Romeo and Juliet and Midsummer Night’s Dream. The First thing being compared in the two stories will be Act 1. In Act 1 of Romeo and Juliet the play starts with a bloody brawl and ends with two lovers meeting at a party, while on the other hand Midsummer Night’s Dream starts with theRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare1751 Words   |  8 Pages What types of dream really impress you in your life? Would that be funny dreams, weird dreams, scary dreams, risque dreams, dramatic dreams, life-changing dreams, and even lucid dream stories. As a matter of fact, people’s dreams can be a kind of illusion because dreams skew their daily life into confusion—people cannot recognize reality and unreality easily. Similarly, love not only is imaginative, but also can make people get confused just like dream. The comedicRead MoreThe Theme of Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Theme of Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare In A Midsummer Nights Dream, Shakespeare presents us with multiple types of love by using numerous couples in various different situations. For example: Doting loves, the love induced by Oberons potion and in some aspects, Lysander and Hermias love for each other; there are true loves: Oberon and Titania, Lysander and Hermia (for the first half at least, as Lysanders love switches to Helena temporarily)Read MoreLoves Garden in Midsummer Night’s Dream1048 Words   |  5 Pagesimplications of this reign over nature. This need for control is accepted and even respected. In William Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream, fairies take an extensive control of nature which begins to reflect their attempts to express love as they deal with the love amongst themselves. The abundance of nature in the play presents a circumstance of controlling love. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare manipulates nature imagery to portray control of nature among the fairies and reflect humanity’sRead MoreThemes, Motifs and Symbols in A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1041 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout the play, â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream, written by William Shakespeare, are several themes, motifs, and symbols. Dreams are a reoccurring theme. Dreams are connected to the unexplainable and mysterious events, occurring in the woods. â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream† can be compared to â€Å"The Tempest†, also written by Shakespeare, because it contains the same theme of dreams- â€Å"That, if I then had waked after long sleep, / Will make me sleep again: and then, in dreaming†Read MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream852 Words   |  4 PagesIntro Paragraph:In the play A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare.Shakespeare portrays four different kinds of love,parental love,romantic love and complicated love.The way I see what he shows us readers is that love is in a way connected to life because life is very unpredictable since no one’s what will happen tomorrow in a way love is the same way it is very unpredictable because you never know where is might end up. Just like in the play who knew if Hermia and Lysander will end upRead MoreMidsummer Nights Dream Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play A Midsummer Night’s Dream utilizes the technique of multiple characters playing leading roles. The fairy character Puck stands out as a dominant and leading role in the play. Puck is the best fit for the role of the protagonist becaus e he is mischievous and therefore, has the ability to change the outcome of the play through his schemes and actions. As the protagonist, Puck is responsible for creating the major conflict that occurs between the four lovers throughout theRead MoreA Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare Essay885 Words   |  4 PagesA Misummer Night’s Dream is a comedy play written by William Shakespeare. In this play there are multiple themes however the most evident theme is love. Why is love an evident theme? It is an evident theme because the play commences with two Greek mythology characters─ the Duke of Athens, Theseus and Amazon queen Hippolita planning their marriage. However as Theseus plans his marriage he has to help Egeus persuade his daughter Hermia to marry Demetrius. Unfortunately both the Duke and Egeus failedRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of A Midsummer Nights Dream1644 Words   |  7 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream Literary Analysis In the play A Midsummer Night’s Dream the writer William Shakespeare uses many types of figurative language and literary devices to reinforce the major themes of the play. Throughout the play the major theme is love. Readers know this due to how in the play the main conflict is love. The types of figurative language and or literary devices that William Shakespeare uses in the play to reinforce the themes are personification, symbolism, and clichà ©s. A goodRead MoreContrast in A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare1411 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of contrast plays an important role throughout Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Shakespeare provides many examples of contrast signifying it as a motif. He groups the ideas of contrast together into those of some of the most important roles in the play. Helena is portrayed as tall and Hermia is short. Titania is a beautiful fairy who falls in love with Bottom, who is portrayed as graceles s. Moreover, the main sets of characters even have differences. Fairies are graceful and magical

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The Race Issue in Flannery O’connors “Everything That Rises Must Converge.” Essay Example For Students

The Race Issue in Flannery O’connors â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge.† Essay The Race Issue in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge. † â€Å"Let’s skip it ,† (273) suggested Julian to his mother in Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge. † What authoress says herself is â€Å"that the good novelist expresses feelings in symbols (qtd. in Paulson 156)†, and that is exactly what she uses in this story. By writing about fences she suggests us to jump over the differences which divide us and let us live on the same side of the fence. This poses one, very significant, question – are there enough similarities between races to raise them high enough and converge? We will write a custom essay on The Race Issue in Flannery O’connors â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge.† specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Are we ready to skip the fence or we will rather trip over it? Another major symbol used by Flannery O’Connor in her short story was the hat. From what we know about hats they had been used from centuries to keep the head warm, signal profession but also â€Å"provided a simple and universally understood device for a protocol of respect† in the world of foreign service (Jansson 26) and â€Å"symbolized the honor borne by position and title† (Jansson 32). Moreover, as a symbol, hat also plays an important role in contemporary literature. One of such examples would be the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger where the hat is a key attribute of the main character (Strauch 13). Also in O’Connor’s â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† it is the hat worn by Julian’s mother and the Negro woman that is the key symbol. According to Teresa Balazy, it can be a representation of motherhood (66) and of â€Å"the depraved and displaced condition of man† (68). Moreover, it can be symbolic of economical equality of Black and White (Walters 129) or signify the â€Å"doubling† of the two women (Walters 129). According to John May it is also a â€Å"shared emblem of human equality† (95), while Suzanne Paulson considers it a symbol of alienation, Julian’s mother buys it in order â€Å"to avoid acknowledging her connection to others† (83); to avoid meeting herself â€Å"coming and going† (O’Connor 272). We can observe then, that critics ascribed to it many various functions, however, this does not mean we must choose only one of them, as in each there is some grain of truth. The most significant is that all those symbols and their meanings refer to both women, Black and White, in positive degree, which makes the races similar in he eyes of the writer. Furthermore, â€Å"Hats exist because the need to preserve, even if only symbolically, the noblest part of man exists: the head and thus thought† (qtd. in Berengan); taking this into account we may find that wearing hats in the short story guides our attention towards the thoughts of the characters and the psychological dimension of the story. What is more, O’Connor writes that Julian’s mother is â€Å"surmounted by the atrocious hat† (272). It emphasizes than the psychological denotation of the text. While choosing symbols for her short story, O’Connor reached also to historical events such as the Montgomery bus boycott which â€Å"was one of the first organized and large movements of African-Americans in 20th century America† and â€Å"was the beginning of a new era and activism in the black community† (Allen). By dint of it †not only could the black residents of Montgomery now ride city buses as equals, thanks to their efforts so could many other black citizens throughout the nation† (Hare) but it was also essential for the civil rights movement and black activism movement of 1960’s and 1970’s (Allen). Taking this into consideration, using a bus as a setting of â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† seems to be intentional. For Flannery O’Connor bus was another vital symbol denoting †sameness† (Paulson 83). It was bus, during the boycott and in the story, where everything started and where the convergence was taking place. Moreover, in O’Connor’s story bus is enlightened, it may denote than a safe place towards which both, Black and White, seek refuge from the dark world in which they live, but also a place where the mental convergence is taking place. Bus Emphasizes the similarities between the races then. Except the bus, the rest of the setting is also worth mentioning. The world created by Flannery O’Connor is similar to Petersburg from Crime and Punishment of Dostoyevsky. Also in â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge† the city presented is a symbol. It can be compared to the cave from Plato’s Allegory of the cave. O’Connor often mentions that the surroundings â€Å"stood out darkly† (272) or that there was â€Å"growing darkness† (273). The world is then like a cave and people like prisoners incarcerated in it by the chains of their own minds and illusions. They see only shadows of things, made by the artificial light of lampposts. .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 , .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .postImageUrl , .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 , .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:hover , .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:visited , .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:active { border:0!important; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:active , .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27 .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4929d5cd9bc9e8953adbd09bf03b3f27:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: John Steinbeck (1201 words) EssayBus is the enlightened thing which may symbolize the world outside the cave. However, people entering it are hurt by the light; hurt by the truth which they cannot comprehend. They remain strangers to each other as they have been raised in the world of shadows. O’Connor’s view is more pessimistic than Plato’s one as there is no philosophers in it, who would become acquainted with the truth and would teach others. O’Connor unveils to us the consequences of entering the illuminated world, quite different from those presented by Plato, namely Julian’s mother dies, being completely unable and unwilling to unde rstand the truth. Julian notices the light and its importance, he tries to reach it but the shadows are chasing him. In such comparison we can notice another similarity between Black and White as they are all presented as prisoners, equally lost and blinded by the world they live in. One of the most characteristic traits of O’Connor’s writing, mentioned by many critics (Walters 15, May xix, Paulson ix, McClave 141) is her use of irony and grotesque which is also present in â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge†. As Harpham notices, the most popular way of using grotesque is through introducing grotesque characters (465) and that is exactly what O’Connor’s uses in her work, ex. description of Julian’s mother and her hat: â€Å"It was a hideous hat. A purple velvet flap came down on one side of it and stood up on the other; the rest of it was green and looked like a cushion with the stuffing out† (271 When she mentions the Black woman with a child she writes: â€Å"the ponderous figure, rising from the red shoes upward over the solid hips, the mammoth bosom, the haughty face, the green and purple hat† (281). Also Julian’s mother looks at her: â€Å"as if the woman were a monkey that had stolen her hat† (281). As we can see, in O’Connor’s portrayal of characters we can easily find their â€Å"cartoon† qualities (Walters 15). However for the purpose of our discussion, the most important is the fact that those traits can be found in both, Black and White characters. We can see similarity between races as O’Connor mocks equally both of them. Another similarity depicted in discussed short story is manifested in evil inclination of all human beings. According to Pessimists ideas evil is integral part of our life (Sharpe) and O’Connor’s uses it to emphasize that both, Black and White, belong to the same world. Evil is depicted in the story for instance when Julian thinks: â€Å"At that moment he could with pleasure have slapped her as he would have slapped a particularly obnoxious child in his charge† (O’Connor 279); and the Black woman with a child, whose face was described as â€Å"set not only to meet opposition but to seek it out. The downward tilt of her large lower lip was like a warning sign: DON’T TAMPER WITH ME† (280). O’Connor shows, as Walters claims, that evil â€Å"resides in the souls of all, black and white, young and old† (130). May suggests even more, namely that antipathy of Julian for his mother has been objectified in the Black woman’s violence of the onslaught (96). Such statement indicates even stronger connection between Julian’s and Black woman’s evil inclination, or to speak more metaphorically, White and Black evil inclination. 5] Last but definitely not least is similarity of all human beings in inclination towards alienation, which according to Heinemann, is typical of all human beings and there is always â€Å"a limit to our understanding of others† (144) which is also clearly visible in O’Connor’s work. We can observe it on the example of all characters, regardless of race affinity. Julian has his â€Å"mental bubbl e in which he established himself when he could not bear to be a part of what was going on around him† (276). Julian’s mother â€Å"lived according to the laws of her own fantasy world† (276). Also Negroes are separating themselves from the outside world, the Black man was isolating himself behind the newspaper; Black woman with her son, as I have quoted in the former paragraph, was hiding behind the wall of her appearance and hostility. What is more, she was trying to keep her son behind this fence as well, to seclude him from the world outside it. All facts considered I would agree with Dorothy Walters who claims that Flannery O’Connor judges both races equally harsh (135). I reckon, she does it to emphasize that a lot should be done on the both sides of the fence in order to â€Å"skip it† (O’Connor 273) and be able to live together. .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c , .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .postImageUrl , .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c , .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:hover , .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:visited , .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:active { border:0!important; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:active , .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uda000e544c4fe1d02819fbb93f5dea5c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Fashion Of 16th Century EssayDespite all differences between races she depicts many similarities manifested by various symbols, such as hat or bus, or by describing traits universal to all human beings, ex. alienation or evil inclination. She also uses grotesque in presenting both, Black and White, to emphasize their equality and, imprisons them in the same world, world which dominates and somehow governs them. All those similarities suggest equality between races and, what is the most important, their ability to rise and converge in order to live on the same side of the fence. Bibliography Allen, A. Why Was the Bus Boycott an Important Movement: Analysis. † 14 Dec. 2008 . Balazy, Teresa. Structural Patterns in Flannery O’Connor’s Fiction. Poznan: PWN, 1982. Berengan, Giuliana. â€Å"Fabulous Hats: History of Hats. † 16 Dec. 2008 . Dostoevskij, Fedor, M. Zbrodnia i Kara: Powiesc w Szesciu Czesciach z Epilogiem. Krakow: Zielona Sowa, 2000. Gill, Richard. â€Å"The Bridges of St. Petersburg: a Motif in Crime and Punishment. † Dostoyevsky Studies 3 (1982): 146-155. 16 Dec. 2008. . Hare, Ken. â€Å"They Changed the World: the Story of the Montgomery Bus Boycott: Overview.   Montgomery  Advertiser. 16  Dec. 2008  . Harpham, Geoffrey. â€Å"The Grotesque: First Principles. † The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 34 (1976): 461-468. JSTOR. 16 Dec. 2008 . Jansson, Maija. â€Å"The Hat Is No Expression of Honor. † Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 133 (1989): 26-34. JSTOR. 16 Dec. 2008. McClave, Heather, ed. Women Writers of the Short Story. A collection of Critical Essays. May, J ohn, R. The Pruning Word: the Parables of Flannery O’Connor. Notre Dame: U of Notre Dame P, 1976. O’Connor, Flannery. Three by Flannery O’Connor. New York: Penguin Books, 1983. Pappas, Nickolas. Plato and the Republic. Ed. Tim Crane and Jonathan Wolff. London: Routledge, 1995. Paulson, Marrow Suzanne. Flannery O’Connor: A study of short fiction. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1988. Sharpe, Alfred. Pessimism. The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton  Company,  1911. 16  Dec. 2008. Plato. The Republic. Trans. Benjamin Jowett. The Priject Gutenberg. 16 Dec. 2008 . Salinger, J. , D. Buszujacy w Zbozu. Warszawa: Iskry, 2004. Strauch, Carl, F. , J. D. Salinger. Kings in the Back Row: Meaning through Structure. A Reading of Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. † Wisconsin Studies in Contemporary Literature. 2 (1961): 5-30. JSTOR. 16 Dec. 2008 . Walters, Dorothy. Flannery O’Connor. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1973. He was one of the first to use the symbolical possibilities of city (Gill 146) It becomes almost paysage moralise (moralized landscape); symboliz es spiritual condition of characters presented, like Dostoyevsky’s work (Gill 146). Plato draws in his allegory a picture of a den where prisoners are being incarcerated. They are chained so that they cannot move or look sideways. Behind them there is a fire which casts shadows on the wall in front of them. They can see only shadows of things and people and hear only echoes of voices of guards. Later Plato describes the process of coming out of a cave to the light outside the cave. More information about the Allegory of the cave can be found in Nickolas Pappas Plato and the Republic or Plato’s Republic translated by B. Jowett More information about grotesque and grotesque characters can be found in Geoffrey Harpham’s â€Å"The Grotesque: First Principles. May also writes that „Julian and the Negro woman are obviously related through a bond of mutual irascibility and impatience† while „Carver and Julian’s mother, on the other hand, apparently understand each other as mother and son should since they both hale active hearts† (95-96). *PQgkeenoIJPRY`! %8sx a? ! $ ? M uoaOaIA  §Y? †Ã¢â‚¬ °~s†? k? c?  § c? mHsH Heinemann claims as well that â€Å"alienation cannot be completely eliminated, it can only be reduced to reasonable terms. All we can do is to remove it from the foreground to the background and deprive it of all central position and of its emotional power, but we have to acquiesce in the fact that alienation somehow belongs to our heritage† (144). Although Walters’s claims that †convergence in her title implies collision† (127), I would rather agree with McClave and her view that there is no irony in the usage of the title intended (150) and that O’Connor tries to show the possibilities of convergence between races rather than emphasizes futility of such trials.

Gandhi essays

Gandhi essays Global Culture and Issues Arts for Peace and Justice Even the most powerful cannot rule without the cooperation of the rule. M. Gandhi This statement is telling all of India that only through submission will they continue to be under Great Britains rule. The statement itself seems so simple, but if you consider the consequences you then realize how powerful the statement really is. Gandhi is telling all of India that they are responsible for allowing Britain to continue as rulers. Every time they adhere to Britains law they are accepting Britains rule. What makes the statement even more powerful is the understanding that Gandhi wanted the people to peacefully refuse to cooperate. To refuse to comply with Britains law without retaliation of any kind. This is why the statement is so powerful, and I agree with it. Can you imagine going to war with someone without any type of weapons or ammunition? This is exactly what Gandhi wanted, no expected, the people of India to do. He knew that India could never hope to win back their country by using violence. Britain was too powerful and had too many soldiers that were trained for war. Gandhi also did not believe in violence for any reason. His main goal was to win back their country through peaceful means, even if he had to die to achieve the victory. When you think about Gandhis achievement of convincing a whole country to fight by not submitting to laws set forth by Britain through peaceful means, is just astounding. It is impossible to rule anything or anyone without them allowing you to do it. Gandhi was trying to make all of India understand that without their cooperation, there were no rulers. His biggest challenge was to get the people to agree to do this without any use of violence. It was extremely hard for the people to comprehend that they were to accept whatever punishment the British would d ...

Learn About the Difference Between Corporate Ownership and Management

Learn About the Difference Between Corporate Ownership and Management Today, many large corporations have a great number of owners. In fact, a  major company may be owned by a million or more people. These owners are generally called shareholders. In the case of a public company with a great number of these shareholders, a majority may  hold fewer than 100 shares of stock each. This widespread ownership has given many Americans a direct stake in some of the nations biggest companies. By the mid-1990s, more than 40% of U.S. families owned common stock, either directly or through mutual funds or other intermediaries. This scenario is a far cry from the corporate structure of but one hundred years ago  and marks a great shift in the concepts of corporation ownership versus management. Corporation Ownership Versus Corporation Management The widely dispersed ownership of Americas largest corporations has to lead to a separation of the concepts of corporate ownership and control. Because shareholders generally cannot know and manage the full details of a corporations business (nor do many wish to), they elect a board of directors to make broad corporate policy. Typically, even members of a corporations board of directors and managers own less than 5% of the common stock, though some may own far more than that. Individuals, banks, or retirement funds often own blocks of stock, but even these holdings generally account for only a small fraction of the total of the companys stock. Usually, only a minority of board members are operating officers of the corporation. Some directors are nominated by the company to give prestige to the board, others to provide certain skills or to represent lending institutions. For these very reasons, it is not unusual for one person to serve on several different corporate boards at the same time. Corporate Board of Directors and Corporate Executives While corporate boards are elected to direct corporate policy, those boards typically delegate day-to-day management decisions to a chief executive officer (CEO), who may also operate as the boards chairman or president. The CEO supervises other corporate executives, including a number of vice presidents who oversee various corporate functions and divisions. The CEO will also oversee other executives like the chief financial officer (CFO), the chief operating officer (COO), and the chief information officer (CIO). The position of CIO is by far the newest executive title to American corporate structure. It was first introduced in the late 1990s as high technology became a crucial part of U.S. business affairs. The Power of the Shareholders As long as a CEO has the confidence of the board of directors, he or she is generally permitted a great deal of freedom in running and management of the corporation. But sometimes, individual and institutional stockholders, acting in concert and with the backing of dissident candidates for the board, can exert enough power to force a change in management. Other than these more extraordinary circumstances, shareholders participation in the company whose stock they hold is limited to annual shareholder meetings. Even so, generally only a few people attend annual shareholder meetings. Most shareholders vote on the election of directors and important policy proposals by proxy, that is, by mailing in election forms. In recent years, however, some annual meetings have seen more shareholders- perhaps several hundred- in attendance. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires corporations to give groups challenging management access to mailing lists of stockholders to present their views.

Waste water treatment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Waste water treatment - Research Paper Example These techniques, however, are used to treat water. Water contains various colloidal solids such as plankton, decayed plant material, bacteria, clay particles, as well as organic matter. These two processes help to remove these impurities. Coagulation neutralizes the particles and reduces the repelling force. Flocculation agglomerates destabilized atoms to form large particles(Parson and Jefferson, 2006). In the chemical and level theory, flocculation and coagulation involves a three step process that consists of flocculation, flash mixing and coagulation(Akers 1972). For coagulation to take place, flash mixing has to occur. During flash mixing, coagulant chemicals are added to water. This mixture is then mixed violently and quickly distributing the chemicals inside the water. The coagulation-flocculation process destabilizes colloids, removes anions and metals, and removes pathogens as well as inorganic matter. After destabilization, flocs are formed in which particles aggregate come by due to thermal movement of fluid molecules or induction of suspension mix and velocity gradients to be used in sedimentation. Filtration treatments as essential pretreatments are supplemented by coagulation-flocculation processes. These processes accumulate suspended solids and particles into larger bodies to allow easy removal through filtration processes. The removal of particulate matter by these methods tends to supplement the effectiveness of the filtering process. Gravity separation of these suspended solids may also require filtration. In the event of facilitating bonding among various particulates, chemical coagulants such as polymers or iron salts are added to source water(Bratby 2006). The efficiency of this process depends on a number of variables and, therefore, any changes involved may affect other process. Changes may be in form of coagulant feed concentration, final PH, coagulant dosage, type of coagulant used,